Delete Heavy Metals and Cardiovascular Disease
[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#2533AB” custom_margin=”||-175px||false|false” custom_padding=”30px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”Post Header” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _dynamic_attributes=”background_image” background_enable_color=”off” background_image=”@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9mZWF0dXJlZF9pbWFnZSIsInNldHRpbmdzIjp7fX0=@” min_height=”780px” custom_margin=”29px||||false|false” custom_padding=”57px||20px||false|false” border_style_all=”none” border_width_top=”2px” border_color_top=”#F4EFED” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_heading][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#2533AB” custom_margin=”-1px||-175px||false|false” custom_padding=”61px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#84776C” custom_margin=”||-175px||false|false” custom_padding=”32px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#F2F2F2″ custom_padding=”31px||8px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”7px||4px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_heading title=”Heavy Metals and Cardiovascular Disease” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_level=”h2″ title_font=”||||||||” title_text_color=”#000000″ custom_margin=”||6px||false|false” custom_padding=”||||false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″][/et_pb_heading][et_pb_heading title=” Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_level=”h2″ title_text_color=”#000000″ custom_margin=”||3px|||” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″][/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”||||||||” text_text_color=”#000000″ text_font_size=”17px” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]
We assessed the role of lead and cadmium as partial mediators between smoking and composite cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). We also studied the association between urinary heavy metals and CCVD. Pooled data from NHANES 1999-2006 were examined. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease was determined using a standardized questionnaire asking about history of stroke, angina, heart attack, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure. Increasing serum cadmium levels were associated with increasing prevalence of CCVD (P-trend: .03). Adjusted odds-ratio (OR) for active smokers versus never smokers was 2.09 (1.67-2.63). Adjustment for lead did not affect the OR but adjustment for cadmium significantly attenuated the OR (1.54 [1.17-2.03]). Significant association was observed between CCVD and urinary antimony, cadmium, cobalt, and tungsten. High levels of serum cadmium (>0.61 µg/L) were associated with CCVD. The relationship between smoking and CCVD was partially mediated through cadmium. Urinary antimony, cadmium, cobalt, and tungsten may be associated with CCVD.
[/et_pb_text][/et_pb_column][/et_pb_row][/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#F2F2F2″ custom_padding=”0px||54px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_divider color=”#84776C” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”||29px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][/et_pb_divider][et_pb_toggle title=”References” open_toggle_background_color=”#FFFFFF” closed_toggle_background_color=”#FFFFFF” icon_color=”#84776C” toggle_icon=”||fa||900″ use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”25px” open_icon_color=”#E02B20″ open_toggle_icon=”||fa||900″ open_use_icon_font_size=”on” open_icon_font_size=”25px” _builder_version=”4.27.4″ _module_preset=”default” title_text_color=”#000000″ title_font=”Cormorant Garamond||||||||” title_text_align=”left” title_font_size=”20px” text_orientation=”left” custom_margin=”||0px|||” custom_padding=”|||20px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” box_shadow_style=”preset1″ box_shadow_color=”#84776C” global_colors_info=”{}” sticky_enabled=”0″]Agarwal S, Zaman T, Tuzcu EM, Kapadia SR. Heavy metals and cardiovascular disease: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006. Angiology. 2011 Jul;62(5):422-9. doi: 10.1177/0003319710395562. Epub 2011 Mar 18. PMID: 21421632.
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